今天，去美国大使馆申请签证，过程中有一肚子的感触。不过，还是留着明后天写，先写写施一公为什么能当选美国科学院院士。
前天饶毅写了一篇博客，《“权”威的手指和“装”家的脚趾》，看过的人肯定有很多感叹。而我的感叹莫过于他在里面这样写道“有些日本科学家单人就可以超我们某些大型机构、有些日本科学家在不出十五年前曾单人可以超我们全国、今天可能还有单个日本科学家可以超我国同一领域全体中国科学家。”这是一个现实问题，也就是现在大家经常说的“领军人物”。当然，这里说的“领军人物”不是大学里面评出来的领军人物，也不是某个团体包装出来的领军人物，而是“国际领军人物”，或者称为真正的“学术大师”。饶老师博文中提到的那位广川信隆教授无疑是领域的顶级学术大师之一。这位老师的介绍为“广川在细胞生物学重要杂志（Journal of Cell Biology）上发表过五十多篇论文，超过中国全国细胞生物学界发表的总数。他在Nature、Science、Cell上的论文逾三十，超过全中国细胞生物学界的总数。”
然而，在我佩服的同时，我也一直很佩服施一公老师，虽然和我的行业差不知几个银河系的距离，但是，以前有空的时候，就会去他的个人间接里面看看，偶尔也帮他数数Nature、Science、Cell的论文。由于太多，有时候都数不清。特别是近年来，隔一段时间，他就发表一篇这个级别的论文，隔一段时间又一篇这样的论文，在科学网上，有时候也经常能看到很多很多的报道。
不绕弯子了，今天我通过Scopus数据库分析了一下施一公的主要论著，下面数数他在Nature、Science、Cell的发文数量。显然，施一公老师比广川还是要强一点点的，广川一个人发表Nature、Science、Cell三十多篇，而施一公一个人则有四十多篇。
下面是Cell发文情况（16篇）
1.Crystal structure of the caenorhabditis elegans apoptosome reveals an octameric assembly of CED-4
2.Serine/Threonine Phosphatases: Mechanism through Structure
3.Structural Mechanism of Demethylation and Inactivation of Protein Phosphatase 2A
4.Allosteric Activation of a Bacterial Stress Sensor
5.Structure of the Protein Phosphatase 2A Holoenzyme
6.Structure of Protein Phosphatase 2A Core Enzyme Bound to Tumor-Inducing Toxins
7.PPM1A Functions as a Smad Phosphatase to Terminate TGFβ Signaling
8. Molecular mechanism of AHSP-mediated stabilization of α-hemoglobin
9. Caspase activation: Revisiting the induced proximity model
10.Mechanisms of TGF-β signaling from cell membrane to the nucleus
11.Crystal structure of a UBP-family deubiquitinating enzyme in isolation and in complex with ubiquitin aldehyde
12. Structural mechanism of Smad4 recognition by the nuclear oncoprotein Ski: Insights on Ski-mediated repression of TGF-β signaling
13. Crystal structure of a procaspase-7 zymogen: Mechanisms of activation and substrate binding
14. Structural basis of caspase-7 inhibition by XIAP
15.Crystal structure of the PTEN tumor suppressor: Implications for its phosphoinositide phosphatase activity and membrane association
16.Crystal structure of a Smad MH1 domain bound to DNA: Insights on DNA binding in TGF-β signaling
下面是Nature正刊的论文发表情况
17.Structure of a presenilin family intramembrane aspartate protease
18.Structural basis of ultraviolet-B perception by UVR8
19.Structure and mechanism of a glutamate-GABA antiporter
20.Structure and mechanism of the hexameric MecA-ClpC molecular machine
21.Structure and mechanism of the S component of a bacterial ECF transporter
22.Mechanism of substrate recognition and transport by an amino acid antiporter
23.Structure of the formate transporter FocA reveals a pentameric aquaporin-like channel
24.Chaperone-mediated pathway of proteasome regulatory particle assembly
25.Structure and metal exchange in the cadmium carbonic anhydrase of marine diatoms
26.Structure of the CED-4-CED-9 complex provides insights into programmed cell death in Caenorhabditis elegans
27.Structure of oxidized α-haemoglobin bound to AHSP reveals a protective mechanism for haem
28.Structure of the apoptotic protease-activating factor 1 bound to ADP
29.A conserved XIAP-interaction motif in caspase-9 and Smac/DIABLO regulates caspase activity and apoptosis
30.Structural basis of IAP recognition by Smac/DIABLO
31.Structural and biochemical basis of apoptotic activation by Smac/DIABLO
32.Structural basis of procaspase-9 recruitment by the apoptotic protease- activating factor 1
33. A structural basis for mutational inactivation of the tumour suppressor Smad4
下面是Science上发表论文情况
34.Structural basis for sequence-specific recognition of DNA by TAL effectors
35.China's research culture
36.Structure and mechanism of an amino acid antiporter
37.Structure of a site-2 protease family intramembrane metalloprotease
38.Mechanisms of AIF-mediated apoptotic DNA degradation in Caenorhabditis elegans
39.Structural basis of Smad2 recognition by the smad anchor for receptor activation
40.The galvanization of biology: A growing appreciation for the roles of zinc
41.Specific DNA-RNA hybrid binding by zinc finger proteins
其它如Nature、Cell子刊、PNAS等还有几十篇。
至于施一公当选美国两个学院的外籍院士，而不能成为中国科学院的院士，这是一个可笑的地方。至于中科院解释为施一公国籍不对，现在也应该是否定的。而他能成为美国的两个学院外籍院士，个人感觉有以下几条。
1） 施一公与美国学者有很多合作，对美国科技创新做出了很大的贡献；
2） 施一公的学术成就是显然的，你承认，他的成就在那里，你不承认，他的成就也摆在那里；
3）美国评价是否够一个院士水平，主要是看其学术成就，而不是“人际关系”。